做暖暖XO网站全媒体运营师

一、前言

     本次部署elk所有的服务都部署在k8s集群中，服务包含filebeat、logstash、elasticsearch、kibana，其中elasticsearch使用集群的方式部署，所有服务都是用7.17.10版本

二、部署

 部署elasticsearch集群

部署elasticsearch集群需要先优化宿主机(所有k8s节点都要优化,不优化会部署失败)

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

vm.max_map_count=262144

重载生效配置

sysctl -p

以下操作在k8s集群的任意master执行即可

创建yaml文件存放目录

mkdir /opt/elk && cd /opt/elk

这里使用无头服务部署es集群，需要用到pv存储es集群数据，service服务提供访问，setafuset服务部署es集群

创建svc的无头服务和对外访问的yaml配置文件

vi es-service.yaml

kind: Service
metadata:name: elasticsearchnamespace: elklabels:app: elasticsearch
spec:selector:app: elasticsearchclusterIP: Noneports:- port: 9200name: db- port: 9300name: inter

vi es-service-nodeport.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:name: elasticsearch-nodeportnamespace: elklabels:app: elasticsearch
spec:selector:app: elasticsearchtype: NodePortports:- port: 9200name: dbnodePort: 30017- port: 9300name: internodePort: 30018

创建pv的yaml配置文件(这里使用nfs共享存储方式)

vi es-pv.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:name: es-pv1
spec:storageClassName: es-pv    #定义了存储类型capacity:storage: 30GiaccessModes:- ReadWriteManypersistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Retainnfs:path: /volume2/k8s-data/es/es-pv1server: 10.1.13.99
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:name: es-pv2
spec:storageClassName: es-pv    #定义了存储类型capacity:storage: 30GiaccessModes:- ReadWriteManypersistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Retainnfs:path: /volume2/k8s-data/es/es-pv2server: 10.1.13.99
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:name: es-pv3
spec:storageClassName: es-pv    #定义了存储类型capacity:storage: 30GiaccessModes:- ReadWriteManypersistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Retainnfs:path: /volume2/k8s-data/es/es-pv3server: 10.1.13.99

创建setafulset的yaml配置文件

vi es-setafulset.yaml

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:name: elasticsearchnamespace: elklabels:app: elasticsearch
spec:podManagementPolicy: Parallel serviceName: elasticsearchreplicas: 3selector:matchLabels:app: elasticsearchtemplate:metadata:labels:app: elasticsearchspec:tolerations:          #此配置是容忍污点可以使pod部署到master节点，可以去掉- key: "node-role.kubernetes.io/control-plane"operator: "Exists"effect: NoSchedulecontainers:- image: elasticsearch:7.17.10name: elasticsearchresources:limits:cpu: 1memory: 2Girequests:cpu: 0.5memory: 500Mienv:- name: network.hostvalue: "_site_"- name: node.namevalue: "${HOSTNAME}"- name: discovery.zen.minimum_master_nodesvalue: "2"- name: discovery.seed_hosts   #该参数用于告诉新加入集群的节点去哪里发现其他节点，它应该包含集群中已经在运行的一部分节点的主机名或IP地址，这里我使用无头服务的地址value: "elasticsearch-0.elasticsearch.elk.svc.cluster.local,elasticsearch-1.elasticsearch.elk.svc.cluster.local,elasticsearch-2.elasticsearch.elk.svc.cluster.local"- name: cluster.initial_master_nodes   #这个参数用于指定初始主节点。当一个新的集群启动时，它会从这个列表中选择一个节点作为初始主节点，然后根据集群的情况选举其他的主节点value: "elasticsearch-0,elasticsearch-1,elasticsearch-2"- name: cluster.namevalue: "es-cluster"- name: ES_JAVA_OPTSvalue: "-Xms512m -Xmx512m"ports:- containerPort: 9200name: dbprotocol: TCP- name: intercontainerPort: 9300volumeMounts:- name: elasticsearch-datamountPath: /usr/share/elasticsearch/datavolumeClaimTemplates:- metadata:name: elasticsearch-dataspec:storageClassName: "es-pv"accessModes: [ "ReadWriteMany" ]resources:requests:storage: 30Gi

创建elk服务的命名空间

kubectl create namespace elk

创建yaml文件的服务

kubectl create -f es-pv.yaml
kubectl create -f es-service-nodeport.yaml
kubectl create -f es-service.yaml
kubectl create -f es-setafulset.yaml

查看es服务是否正常启动

kubectl get pod -n elk

检查elasticsearch集群是否正常 

http://10.1.60.119:30017/_cluster/state/master_node,nodes?pretty

可以看到集群中能正确识别到三个es节点 

elasticsearch集群部署完成

部署kibana服务 

这里使用deployment控制器部署kibana服务，使用service服务对外提供访问

创建deployment的yaml配置文件

vi kibana-deployment.yaml

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:name: kibananamespace: elklabels:app: kibana
spec:replicas: 1selector:matchLabels:app: kibanatemplate:metadata:labels:app: kibanaspec:tolerations:- key: "node-role.kubernetes.io/control-plane"operator: "Exists"effect: NoSchedulecontainers:- name: kibanaimage: kibana:7.17.10resources:limits:cpu: 1memory: 1Grequests:cpu: 0.5memory: 500Mienv:- name: ELASTICSEARCH_HOSTSvalue: http://elasticsearch:9200ports:- containerPort: 5601protocol: TCP

创建service的yaml配置文件

vi kibana-service.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:name: kibananamespace: elk
spec:ports:- port: 5601protocol: TCPtargetPort: 5601nodePort: 30019type: NodePortselector:app: kibana

创建yaml文件的服务

kubectl create -f kibana-service.yaml
kubectl create -f kibana-deployment.yaml

查看kibana是否正常

kubectl get pod -n elk

部署logstash服务 

logstash服务也是通过deployment控制器部署，需要使用到configmap存储logstash配置，还有service提供对外访问服务

编辑configmap的yaml配置文件

vi logstash-configmap.yaml 

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:name: logstash-configmapnamespace: elklabels:app: logstash
data:logstash.conf: |input {beats {port => 5044      #设置日志收集端口#   codec => "json"}}filter {}output {# stdout{                该被注释的配置项用于将收集的日志输出到logstash的日志中，主要用于测试看收集的日志中包含哪些内容#   codec => rubydebug# }elasticsearch {hosts => "elasticsearch:9200"index => "nginx-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"}}

编辑deployment的yaml配置文件

vi logstash-deployment.yaml

apiVersion: apps/v1 
kind: Deployment
metadata:name: logstashnamespace: elk
spec:replicas: 1selector:matchLabels:app: logstashtemplate:metadata:labels:app: logstashspec:containers:- name: logstashimage: logstash:7.17.10imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresentports:- containerPort: 5044volumeMounts:- name: config-volumemountPath: /usr/share/logstash/pipeline/volumes:- name: config-volumeconfigMap:name: logstash-configmapitems:- key: logstash.confpath: logstash.conf

编辑service的yaml配置文件(我这里是收集k8s内部署的服务日志，所以没开放对外访问)

vi logstash-service.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:name: logstashnamespace: elk
spec:ports:- port: 5044targetPort: 5044protocol: TCPselector:app: logstashtype: ClusterIP

创建yaml文件的服务

kubectl create -f logstash-configmap.yaml
kubectl create -f logstash-service.yaml
kubectl create -f logstash-deployment.yaml

查看logstash服务是否正常启动

kubectl get pod -n elk

部署filebeat服务 

filebeat服务使用daemonset方式部署到k8s的所有工作节点上，用于收集容器日志，也需要使用configmap存储配置文件，还需要配置rbac赋权，因为用到了filebeat的自动收集模块，自动收集k8s集群的日志，需要对k8s集群进行访问，所以需要赋权

编辑rabc的yaml配置文件

vi filebeat-rbac.yaml 

apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:name: filebeatnamespace: elklabels:app: filebeat
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:name: filebeatlabels:app: filebeat
rules:
- apiGroups: [""]resources: ["namespaces", "pods", "nodes"]    #赋权可以访问的服务verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]            #可以使用以下命令
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:name: filebeat
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccountname: filebeatnamespace: elk
roleRef:kind: ClusterRolename: filebeatapiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io

编辑configmap的yaml配置文件

vi filebeat-configmap.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:name: filebeat-confignamespace: elkdata:filebeat.yml: |filebeat.autodiscover:       #使用filebeat的自动发现模块providers:- type: kubernetes     #类型选择k8s类型templates:          #配置需要收集的模板- condition:and:- or:- equals:kubernetes.labels:      #通过标签筛选需要收集的pod日志app: foundation- equals:kubernetes.labels:app: api-gateway- equals:                    #通过命名空间筛选需要收集的pod日志kubernetes.namespace: java-serviceconfig:                 #配置日志路径，使用k8s的日志路径- type: containersymlinks: true    paths:          #配置路径时，需要使用变量去构建路径，以此来达到收集对应服务的日志- /var/log/containers/${data.kubernetes.pod.name}_${data.kubernetes.namespace}_${data.kubernetes.container.name}-*.logoutput.logstash:hosts: ['logstash:5044']

关于filebeat自动发现k8s服务的更多内容可以参考elk官网，里面还有很多的k8s参数可用

 参考：Autodiscover | Filebeat Reference [8.12] | Elastic

 

编辑daemonset的yaml配置文件

vi filebeat-daemonset.yaml

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:name: filebeatnamespace: elklabels:app: filebeat
spec:selector:matchLabels:app: filebeattemplate:metadata:labels:app: filebeatspec:serviceAccountName: filebeatterminationGracePeriodSeconds: 30containers:- name: filebeatimage: elastic/filebeat:7.17.10args: ["-c", "/etc/filebeat.yml","-e",]env:- name: NODE_NAMEvalueFrom:fieldRef:fieldPath: spec.nodeNamesecurityContext:runAsUser: 0resources:limits:cpu: 200mmemory: 200Mirequests:cpu: 100mmemory: 100MivolumeMounts:- name: configmountPath: /etc/filebeat.ymlreadOnly: truesubPath: filebeat.yml- name: log            #这里挂载了三个日志路径，这是因为k8s的container路径下的日志文件都是通过软链接去链接其它目录的文件mountPath: /var/log/containersreadOnly: true- name: pod-log           #这里是container下的日志软链接的路径，然而这个还不是真实路径，这也是个软链接mountPath: /var/log/podsreadOnly: true- name: containers-log       #最后这里才是真实的日志路径，如果不都挂载进来是取不到日志文件的内容的mountPath: /var/lib/docker/containersreadOnly: truevolumes:- name: configconfigMap:defaultMode: 0600name: filebeat-config- name: loghostPath:path: /var/log/containers- name: pod-loghostPath:path: /var/log/pods- name: containers-loghostPath:path: /var/lib/docker/containers

创建yaml文件的服务

kubectl create -f filebeat-rbac.yaml 
kubectl create -f filebeat-configmap.yaml
kubectl create -f filebeat-daemonset.yaml

 查看filebeat服务是否正常启动

kubectl get pod -n elk

至此在k8s集群内部署elk服务完成